Criticism of Israeli government policy has repeatedly involved the charge that Israel has practised a system akin to apartheid against Arabs and Palestinians in its occupation of the West Bank.[1] Israel has been described as an "apartheid" state by some scholars, United Nations investigators,[2] human rights groups critical of Israeli policy[3][4] and supporters of the Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions movement against Israel. The description has also been used by several Israeli former politicians.[5] Critics of Israeli policy say that "a system of control" in the Israeli-occupied West Bank, including the ID system; Israeli settlements; separate roads for Israeli and Palestinian citizens around many of these settlements; Israeli military checkpoints; marriage law; the West Bank barrier; use of Palestinians as cheaper labour; Palestinian West Bank exclaves; and inequities in infrastructure, legal rights (e.g. "Enclave law"), and access to land and resources between Palestinians and Israeli residents in the Israeli-occupied territories, resemble some aspects of the South African apartheid regime, and that elements of Israel's occupation constitute forms of colonialism and of apartheid, contrary to international law.