In string theory, a heterotic string is a closed string (or loop) which is a hybrid ('heterotic') of a superstring and a bosonic string. There are two kinds of heterotic string, the heterotic SO(32) and the heterotic E8 × E8, abbreviated to HO and HE. Heterotic string theory was first developed in 1985 by David Gross, Jeffrey Harvey, Emil Martinec, and Ryan Rohm[1] (the so-called "Princeton String Quartet"[2]), in one of the key papers that fueled the first superstring revolution. ~ The Antifa movement in Germany is a political current that is composed of multiple far-left, autonomous, militant groups and individuals who describe themselves as anti-fascist and usually use the abbreviation Antifa. It takes its name from the historical Antifaschistische Aktion of the Communist Party of Germany. ≈ ?